Electric relay



Oct. .20, 1925- 1,558,144

H. CHIREIX ELECTRIC RELAY Filed Aug. 29, 1921 avwemfoz HENRI UNREUK Patented Oct. 20, 1925.

mar cmmx, O! PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC BELLY.

Application fled August 28, 1821.

To all whomitmay concern:

Be it known that I, Hamil Cnrnnrx, a citizen of France, and a resident of Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Electric Relays, of which t e following is a specification accompanied by drawings.

The object of the present addition is to provide for certain modifications of the ultra-sensitive relay system described in the application filed Aug. 29, 1921, Serial No. 496,667. More particularly, it relates to the arrangement of the controlling element and the starting arrangement of the annuncia'tor apparatus for preventing the untimely op eration of this apparatus.

In order to vary the resistance of the circuit, a threeelectrode tube is used in accordance with the statement contained in the last paragraph of said application. In accordance with the resent invention, the tube has the form of a detector, e. g., by inserting a shunted ca acity in the grid circuit of this tube. On t e other hand, the

' actuation of the annunciator (e. g., a bell) is accomplished by means of a thermostat,

or other analo ous a aratus, the energization of which is com med with that of the relay in the working riod, whereby a cumulative eflect is obtalned under the con trol of the calling signals or the weak current to be detected. This effect cannot be produced by atmospherics of even the strongest character.

The invention will be more clearly understood from the single figure of the drawing which dia ammatically re resents, for the purpose of illustration an not limitation, an apparatus constructed in accordance with the above.

The elements of which the arrangement of the receding application is composed, will be ound also in t is figure: The oscillation generator tube 1 comprises a late circuit including two resonant circuits 2 and 3 tuned to difierent frequencies without direct mutual reaction. Preferably these circuits are coupled with the 1d circuit, through the mutual induction of coils 5 and 7 to the coils 4 and 6 respectively. The

oscillatin circuits 2 and3 are respectively complete byvariable condensers 8 and 9. Furthermore, the oscillating circuit 3 ines an in ensi y nd cat r 1 (muhamme Serial No. 498,688.

plate and the filament of this tube is sub- 3ected to variations under the control of the weak current (or signal waves) to be de tected. The effect of this current (or signal) manifests itself on the grid of tube 12 through the agency of transformer 16.

The tube 12 is mounted as a detector by means of any one of the well known circuits, such as the one shown in the drawing" in which in its grid circuit a condenser 1 is shunted by a high resistance or grid leak 18. The important advanta es resulting from this new arran ement 0 that it is possib e to operate the system with very weak currents.

The current indicator 11 operates a con-- tact 19 which closes the circuit containing a battery 20 and a role 21 of any well known type. This relay as a double func" tion: On one hand, by closing contacts 22 it causes the operation of the signaling or in dicatin element (bell, visual signal, stylus, etc.) w ich is illustrated in the present case in the form of a bell 23; and on the other hand, by closing a short circuiting contact 24 of the condenser of circuit 9, it restores the enerator 1 to its normal oscillating condition. Preferably, the operation of the signaling element 23 under the control of contact 22, is arranged by the interposition of a device belonging to the class of the energy integrators (thermic systems with me chanical or electrical oscillations, etc. In the present embodiment, this element 1s represented by a thormostat comprising a contact thermometer 25 heated by a resistance 26.

The handling and the operation of the sensitive relay system, arranged in accordance with the present invention as above described, or in an analogous manner, may be explained in the following manner, the different adjustments being stated in detail:

The circuits 2 and 3 are tuned in such a manner that the maintenance of the oscillat n m y be q l y ell efie ted e he to tube 12 consist in the ne' hbo fretzuency of the oscillations o circuit 5, or the tgieng of the walk tions of 't 8. For

t e e of briefnea,

I ditions will be referred to as condition H which is waiting or idle condition, and condition III which is the ope condition. It should be no however, that the negative resistance of circuit 2 preferably should have a slightly higher abso ute value than that of circuit 8 for which the condition of maintenance is just satisfactory. The result of these tunings (which constitutes at the same. time their practical verification) will be felt in that when the controllingcircuit 12, 1B is not ting upon 'startingoftheoscillationof esystem (at thetimethetubesarestarted,orasaresult of any other cause) it will be in condition H. A weak current (signal, etc.) tra the p winding of transformerl variesinthewellknownmanner constants of circuit 2 results from this (more specifically, the apparent ohmic resistance of the circuit is increased); condition II ceases and condition III is established. When the resistance of the controlling circuit 12, 18 resumes its normal value, i.e.uponthecemationofthesignal,the systemdoesnotresumetheo" oscilla condition condition II). This result, owever d be obtained in certain slpeeial cases by means of very reuse and elicate tuning of the circuits. the pres ent embodiment of the invention the two oscillating conditions being 'ble, when once started the condition I I remains established. linordertoreturntethe condition II or starting condition, operations must be performed to eliminate condition III. These operations may be of varying nature. For example in the copending application referred to above, circuit HI is grounded. The ground connection may be established by means of a manually actuated contact rem button, etc). In accordance with operation may also be 0 E 2 short circuit the oscillating circuit 8, for examsle, by short circui' condenser 9.

It on] benotedatthlspointtha normally,itisthebeginningofthe that increases 7 N w itt 2'33" w.

e e is too w msistaneeisnotsuficientlyumtabletorender unstable the condition II.

This resistance variation reduces only slightly the absolute value of the tive resistance of circuit 2 and would ren or it inferiortothatofcircuit3.- Butonaccount ofthephenomenonthatthepne-existingw these oscillation conacontaet24to' theresistaneeofthecontrollingsignal,

cillation pemists, this is insuficient to start gleondiltion HI upon the cessation of condion v Duetothis, uponthearrivalofaweak' a? system will not be actuated. 1o "3I1 i'a"* fie mfiifiia rangemen esen in however, the disap of the weak cessation of the signal causes the instantaneous from the lea stable condition H to more stable condition III.

The discharge of the condenser continua, as the resistance resumes its initial value as above statedbthe condition III which has 'ust been about, maintains itsel and persists until it is destroyed by the above mentioned 0 tion. It will hs I andcontact94,andthefrequencyoftheim- 1,usa,144

sufliciently strong to cause at the beginning of itsaction the starting of the conditions, it is of no consequence whether it is continuous or interrupted. On the other hand, if this current is very weak and brings about the conditions only upon its cessation, it is an interrupted (or alternating) current and of such frequency that the desired number of interruptions will be obtained at 22 depending on the adjustment and the constants of the thermostat.

In the .above. described system if an energy integrator of the pendular type is used in the place of a thermostat, it may be advisable to establish a resonance (mechanical or electrical or electrical and mechanical) between the oscillations of this system and those of the signaling current. The sensitive relay 21, in suitably modified form, may be syntonized. In this manner, concurrently with the action of the thermostat, or otherwise, the annunciator 23 is actuated and not even intense disturbances could produce this result, because they are neither of suflicient duration, nor have they the necessary char acteristics.

The above described invention, however, is independent of the above stated hypothesis given in explaining the operation.

\Vithout departing from the spirit of the invention, provisions may be made for nunierous modifications of the arrangements herein disclosed, or difi'erent.arrangements may be designed in accordance with the principle of the present invention.

Having described my invention what I claim is:

1. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to ditferentfrequencies, means associated with said generator for causing it to oscillate at either of said frequencies separately and a vacuum tube subjected to said currents having a circuit associated with one of said oscillating circuits.

2. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to different frequencies, means associated with said generator for causing it to oscillate at either of said frequencies separately and a vacuum tube having an input circuit subjected to said currents and an output circuit associated with one of said oscillating circuits.

3. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to different frequencies, a vacuum tube subjected to said currents and having a circuit associated with one of said oscillatory cir cuits and integrating means associated with one of said oscillating circuits.

4, A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits and indicating means cooperating with said integrating means.

5. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to different frequencies, a vacuum tube subjected to said currents and having a, circuit cooperating with one of said oscillatory circuits, a tuned relay cooperating with said last mentioned oscillatory circuit and integratlng means cooperating with said tuned relay.

6. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to different frequencies, means associated with said generator for causing it to oscillateat either of said frequencies separately and a three electrode vacuum tube having a grid circuit coupled to the source of said currents and a plate circuit coupled to one of said oscillating circuits. p

7. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected theretc tuned to different frequencies, ineansassociated with said generator for causing it to oscillate at either of said frequencies separateiya three electrode vacuum tube having a grid circuit coupled to the source of said currents and a plate circuit coupled to one of said oscillating circuits, and a relay cooperating with the other oscillating circuit.

8. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to different frequencies, a three electrode vacuum tube having a grid circuit coupled to the source of said currents and a piate circuit coupled to one of said oscillating circuits, a relay cooperating with the other oscillating circuit and means actuated by said relay for short circuiting said last mentioned oscillating circuit.

9. A relay for electric currents comprising an oscillation generator having two oscillating circuits connected thereto tuned to different frequencies, a three-electrode vacuum tube havin a grid circuit coupled to the source of said currents and a plate circuit coupled to one of said oscillating circuits, a relay cooperating with the other oscillatory circuit and current integratin means, cooperatively associated with said relay,

10. A relay for electric currents compris grid circuit, a

1 c ting circuits connected thereto tuned to difierent frequencies, a three-electrode vacuum tube having a grid circuit coupled to the source of said currents and a pl ate c, 1r-' cuit coupled to one of said oscillating ctr. cuits, a relay cooperating with the other oscillatory circuit, means actuated by said relay for short circuit said last ment1oned oscillatory circuit an current melaans cooperatively associated W1 1 sea y- 11. A relay for electric currents comprising a three-electrode oscillation generator havin two oscillating circuits connected in the p ate circuit, 'a second three electrode valve having its grid circuit coupled to the source of said currents, a condenser the plate circuit coupled to" one .of said oscillating circuits, a relay having a-coil cooperating with, the other oscillating circuit, means actuated by said relay for short circuiting said last mentioned oscillatory circuit, a current integrator actuated by said relay and indicating means coopcrating with said integraton 12. A relay for electric currents comprisan oscillation generator having two os- :i fiatm g circuits connected thereto, tuned to difierent frequencies, said ing constructed and srran normall at one onl and un er predetermined conditions to oscillate at -the other only, and means comprising a vacuum tube subjected to said currents or varying the constants of one of said circuits to cause a change in the oscillation frequenc of said generator.

13. A relay an electric currents compris' to oscillate in an oscillation generator having two osci ating circuits connected thereto, tuned to different frequencies, said generator being constructed and arranged to oscillate normally at one only of said frequencies and under predetermined conditions to oscillate at the other only, and means comprising a vacuum tube having an input circuit subjected to said currents and an out ut circuit associated with one of said oscil ating cirlilfian oscillation generator having two os-- enerator beof said frequencies V 1,sss,14'a

cuits to cause a change in the f uency of id erator.-

A relay f or tingcircuits connected thsreto,tunedto difl'erent frequencies, said constructed and to oscillate normally 'at ,one only of said frequencies and under predetermined conditions to oscillate at the other only, means comp a vacuum tube subjected to said ts for varying the constants of one 0 [said circuits .to cause a c I, frequency of said mg means -a ssocia latmg circuits,

15. A relay for electric currents comprisin an oscillation generator having two osc1 ating circuits connected thereto, tuned to erator, and integratdifierent frequencies, said generator constructed and arranged to oscillate normally at one only of said frequencies and under predetermined conditions to oscil- If late at the other only means compr' vacuum tube subj to said currents or varying the constants of one of'said circuits to cause a change in the oscillation fre-' quency of said nerator, and a tuned relay cooperatigg wit one of said oscillatory circuits an integrating means 000 with said tuned relay. panting 16. A rela for electric currents comprisin an tion generator having two oscil gtiig circfiligls connecteddthereto, tunBed to i erent uencies, sai nerator ing constructed and arrange? to oscillate normall at one only of said frequencies tric currents compris-t an oscillation generator having two eac a with one of said oscil-.

in the oscillation and un er predetermined conditions to oscillate at the other onl means comprising a vacuum tube subje to said currents for varying the constants of said circuits to cause a change' in the oscillation frequency of said generator, and means comprising a three-electrode. vacuum tube havin its grid circuit-coupled to the source of sai currents and its plate circuit coupled to one of said oscillating circuits. l

HENRI CHIREIX. 

